.preloader{display:none} .rv-fade{opacity:1 !important;transform:none !important} .rv-lines .rv-in,.rv-mask .rv-in{opacity:1 !important;transform:none !important} .js [data-split]{visibility:visible !important}

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

STUDENT ACADEMIC ACCESS • PREPMEUP DRM

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⚡ Interactive Wait Lab • Score: 0 XP

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🧠 Rapid Exam BoosterCSE1001 • Linear Algebra

Q: If matrix A has eigenvalues 2, 4, and 5, what is the trace and determinant of A?

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CSE10044 Credits • Syllabus & Available Notes

Fundamentals of Web Technologies

Internet architecture, HTTP/HTTPS, semantic HTML5, modern CSS3 flexbox/grid, client JavaScript, and full-stack deployment.

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Unit 1

Module I: Introduction to Web & Internet Fundamentals

3 / 3 topic notes available

ARPANET evolution, client-server architecture, DNS resolution, HTTP vs HTTPS, and status codes.

Click Any Topic Below to Open Rendered LaTeX Study Note:

Evolution of Web & ARPANET

Packet switching, Tim Berners-Lee, Web 1.0 (static), Web 2.0 (social/interactive), Web 3.0. • ~20 mins

Sample Note (LaTeX)

1. Evolution of the Web

ARPANET (1969): Created by US DoD DARPA; introduced packet switching rather than circuit switching.
World Wide Web (1989): Invented by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN using three core technologies:
HTML: HyperText Markup Language for formatting.
URI/URL: Uniform Resource Identifier for addressing.
HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol for transport.
Web 1.0 (Read-Only): Static HTML pages, centralized publishing.
Web 2.0 (Read-Write / Social): Dynamic user-generated content, AJAX, social media, single-page apps.
Web 3.0 (Read-Write-Execute): Semantic web, distributed systems, decentralized protocols.

2. HTTP vs. HTTPS & TLS Handshake

Feature	HTTP (Port 80)	HTTPS (Port 443)
Security	Plaintext transmission, vulnerable to sniffing & MITM	Encrypted with TLS (Transport Layer Security)
Handshake	3-way TCP handshake ( $SYN o SYN-ACK o ACK$ )	TCP Handshake + TLS Cryptographic Handshake
Certificate	No digital certificate required	Signed X.509 SSL/TLS certificate from CA
Integrity	Payloads can be tampered in transit	HMAC SHA-256 message authentication ensures tamper-proof delivery

3. HTTP Request-Response Lifecycle

Client DNS Resolution: Client queries local cache, then ISP recursive resolver, Root nameserver, TLD (.org), and Authoritative nameserver to resolve IP.
TCP Connection: 3-way handshake on port 443.
HTTP GET Request:

http

GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
   Host: example.com
   User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
   Accept: text/html

Server Response:

http

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
   Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
   Content-Length: 1024

Client-Server Architecture & DNS

IP addressing, TCP three-way handshake, and recursive/iterative DNS lookup. • ~25 mins

Topic Note (LaTeX)

1. Client-Server Architecture

Client (User Agent): Requests resources (Web Browser, Mobile App).
Server: Listens on specific ports (Port 80 HTTP, Port 443 HTTPS) and serves resources.

2. DNS Resolution Steps

Browser checks local cache -> OS cache -> Router cache.
Query sent to ISP Recursive Resolver.
Recursive resolver queries Root Nameserver (.).
Root directs to TLD Nameserver (.org, .com).
TLD nameserver directs to Authoritative Nameserver.
Authoritative server returns A/AAAA IP address.

HTTP/HTTPS Protocols & Status Codes

GET vs POST, headers, cookies, TLS/SSL handshake, and status codes (200, 301, 400, 404, 500). • ~25 mins

Topic Note (LaTeX)

1. HTTP Methods

GET: Retrieve representation of resource (idempotent, safe).
POST: Submit data to server to create new entity.
PUT: Replace target resource entirely (idempotent).
DELETE: Remove target resource (idempotent).

2. Standard HTTP Status Codes

2xx Success: 200 OK, 201 Created, 204 No Content.
3xx Redirection: 301 Moved Permanently, 304 Not Modified.
4xx Client Errors: 400 Bad Request, 401 Unauthorized, 403 Forbidden, 404 Not Found.
5xx Server Errors: 500 Internal Server Error, 502 Bad Gateway, 503 Service Unavailable.